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February 4, 2026

Present Tense in Indonesian

Indonesian uses specific markers to indicate present continuous actions (ongoing actions happening now).

1. Sedang - Formal Present Continuous§

Used to describe actions occurring at this very moment (formal).

Structure: Subject + sedang + root verb + object§

Examples:

Note: Use the root verb (without prefix or suffix) after “sedang”

2. Lagi - Informal Present Continuous§

Similar to “sedang” but more casual. Used for actions happening now or regularly.

Structure: Subject + lagi + root verb + object§

Examples:

Note: “Lagi” is more commonly used in everyday conversation

3. Simple Present (No Marker)§

For habitual actions or general truths, no time marker is needed.

Examples:

Summary Comparison§

UsageFormalInformalWhen to Use
Ongoing actionsedanglagiAction happening right now
Habitual action(no marker)(no marker)Regular/repeated actions

Examples:

—The Gardener